Changes for page AD 01 Prisoner Searches
Last modified by Ryan Larkin on 2021/09/13 19:02
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edited by Ryan Larkin
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on 2016/09/02 20:06
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To version 6.2
edited by Ryan Larkin
on 2017/05/03 17:32
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... ... @@ -24,54 +24,47 @@ 24 24 25 25 Review Date: 26 26 27 -01/ 26/201227 +01/09/2017 28 28 29 29 30 30 Sheriff Cory Pulsipher 31 31 32 -Undersheriff BartBailey32 +Undersheriff James Standley 33 33 34 34 35 35 **__TABLE OF CONTENTS__** 36 36 37 -AD 01_101 Di stribution37 +AD 01_101 Definitions 38 38 39 -AD 01_102 Definitions39 +AD 01_102 References 40 40 41 -AD 01_103 References41 +AD 01_103 General 42 42 43 -AD 01_104 General43 +AD 01_104 Frisk Search 44 44 45 -AD 01_105 FriskSearch45 +AD 01_105 Rub Search 46 46 47 -AD 01_106 RubSearch47 +AD 01_106 Strip Search 48 48 49 -AD 01_107 StripSearch49 +AD 01_107 Visual Body Cavity Search 50 50 51 -AD 01_108 Visual Body Cavity Search51 +AD 01_108 Digital Body Cavity Search 52 52 53 -AD 01_109 DigitalBody CavitySearch53 +AD 01_109 Initial Search 54 54 55 -AD 01_110 Initial Search55 +AD 01_110 Follow-Up Search 56 56 57 -AD 01_11 2Follow-Up Search57 +AD 01_111 Exigent Circumstances 58 58 59 -AD 01_11 3ExigentCircumstances59 +AD 01_112 Cross Gender 60 60 61 -AD 01_11 4CrossGender61 +AD 01_113 Mixed Gender 62 62 63 -AD 01_11 5MixedGender63 +AD 01_114 Unknown Gender 64 64 65 -AD 01_116 Unknown Gender 66 66 66 +**AD 01_101 __DEFINITIONS__** 67 67 68 -**AD 01_101 __DISTRIBUTION__** 69 - 70 -1. Standard distribution. 71 - 72 - 73 -**AD 01_102 __DEFINITIONS__** 74 - 75 75 1. WCSO: Washington County Sheriff's Office 76 76 1. PCF: Purgatory Correctional Facility 77 77 1. ICE: Immigration and Customs Enforcement ... ... @@ -90,45 +90,42 @@ 90 90 1. Transvestite: A person who uses clothing, make-up, and/or other devices to appear to be of the opposite gender. 91 91 1. Voluntary Waiver (of Sexual Privacy Rights): Actions taken willfully by a prisoner that may reduce the prisoner's sexual privacy rights. Persons may voluntarily waive individual rights. Inmates who voluntarily remove their own clothing or otherwise take actions which result in a loss of sexual privacy waive their right to privacy. 92 92 86 +**AD 01_102 __REFERENCES__** 93 93 94 -**AD 01_103 __REFERENCES__** 95 - 96 96 1. Immigration and Customs Enforcement Standards: 97 97 11. 13. 98 98 1. Utah Counties Insurance Pool: 99 99 11. ML-V.A.2. 100 100 1. Utah Sheriffs Association Jail Standards: 101 -11. C 03.03.01: Scope of Arrestee Searches 102 -11. C 03.03.02: Reasonable Suspicion 103 -11. C 03.03.03: Individualized Suspicion Not Required 104 -11. C 03.03.04: Exigent Circumstances 93 +11. C01.03.02: Receiving Female Inmates 94 +11. C03.03.01: Scope of Arrestee Searches 95 +11. C03.03.02: Reasonable Suspicion Not Required 105 105 11. C 03.03.05: Voluntary Waivers 106 -11. C Prisoner107 -11. C 108 -11. F 109 -11. F 110 -11. F 111 -11. F 112 -11. F 113 -11. F 114 -11. F 115 -11. F 116 -11. F 117 -11. F 6:Visual Body Cavity Searches118 -11. F 7:DigitalBodyCavity Searches119 -11. J05.03.03: Admission Searches of Work-Release Prisoners97 +11. C03.03.06: Initial Search of Inmate 98 +11. C03.03.07: Follow-Up Search 99 +11. F03.01.01: Written Search Policies and Procedures Required 100 +11. F03.01.02: Content: Searches 101 +11. F03.02.01: Contraband Control 102 +11. F03.02.02: Reasonable Searches 103 +11. F03.03.01: Basis for Conducting Searches 104 +11. F03.03.02: Scope of Intrusion and Justification 105 +11. F03.03.03: Manner of Search 106 +11. F03.03.04: Rub Searches 107 +11. F03.03.05: Strip Searches 108 +11. F03.03.07: Digital Body Cavity Searches 109 +11. F03.03.08: Exigent Circumstances 110 +11. J05.03.03: Admission Searches of Work-Release Inmates 120 120 11. N01.03.01: General 121 -11. N01.03.02: Female Prisoners112 +11. N01.03.02: Female Inmates 122 122 11. N02.01.01: Written Cross-Gender Searches and Supervision Policies and Procedures Required 123 -11. N02.01.02: Content 124 -11. N02.02.01: Frisk and Searches of Male Prisoners125 -11. N02.02.02: Strip Searches of Male Prisoners126 -11. N02.02.03: Male Searches of Female Prisoners127 -11. N02.02.04: Documentation 114 +11. N02.01.02: Content: Cross-Gender Searches and Supervision 115 +11. N02.02.01: Frisk and Searches of Male Inmates 116 +11. N02.02.02: Strip Searches of Male Inmates 117 +11. N02.02.03: Male Searches of Female Inmates 118 +11. N02.02.04: Documentation of Searches 128 128 120 +**AD 01_103 __GENERAL__** 129 129 130 -**AD 01_104 __GENERAL__** 131 - 132 132 1. Policy: 133 133 11. Staff shall conduct only reasonable searches. 134 134 11. The greater the scope of intrusion of a search, the greater must be the justification for conducting the search. ... ... @@ -137,6 +137,7 @@ 137 137 111. Provide an appropriate degree of privacy for intrusive searches or other searches which by their nature would tend to be exceptionally embarrassing or humiliating, if possible; 138 138 111. Ensure adequate sanitation precautions, when possible; and 139 139 111. Ensure that persons conducting searches have adequate training and authority to conduct the type of search involved. 130 +11. When force is necessary to enforce a lawful search only a reasonable amount of force shall be used. 140 140 11. Searches shall be conducted routinely and randomly, with limitation as explained below. 141 141 11. A search for safety concerns (i.e., frisk search) should include, at a minimum, a search for: 142 142 111. Weapons; ... ... @@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ 149 149 111. Past suicide attempts; 150 150 111. Needle "tracks"; 151 151 111. Problems which might require staff intervention or follow-up. 152 -11. All searches shall be documented in the Spillman computer system and shall include: 143 +11. All searches more intrusive than a rub search shall be documented in the Spillman computer system and shall include: 153 153 111. Date, time, and location of the search; 154 154 111. The name of the individual searched; 155 155 111. The name(s) of the officer(s) involved in the search; ... ... @@ -162,9 +162,8 @@ 162 162 11. When staff perform searches in a professional manner, they improve the likelihood that challenged searches will be upheld. Conversely, unprofessional searches may result in otherwise proper searches being found to be in violation of prisoners' constitutional rights. 163 163 11. Searches are a critical element of jail security and should be conducted as part of a set routine. Routine searches should be augmented with random searches to keep prisoners from being able to anticipate when searches will or will not occur. Prisoners have no expectation of privacy while incarcerated, and, thus, are not protected from aggressive search procedures. Searches are particularly vital when prisoners or others are capable of bringing contraband in from the outside, moving contraband from one location to another within the jail, or being prepared for transportation from the facility. 164 164 156 +**AD 01_104 __FRISK SEARCH__** 165 165 166 -**AD 01_105 __FRISK SEARCH__** 167 - 168 168 1. Policy: 169 169 11. A frisk search of a detainee may be performed at any time, at the officer's discretion. 170 170 11. A frisk search should only be performed when the officer decides that there is a safety concern that could be addressed by the search. ... ... @@ -173,9 +173,8 @@ 173 173 11. A frisk search should be used on detainees in lieu of other types of searches in order to preserve the detainee's rights against unlawful searches. 174 174 11. Because more intrusive searches are permitted and are more successful in detecting weapons and/or contraband, frisk searches should not be used on arrestees or inmates. 175 175 166 +**AD 01_105 __RUB SEARCH__** 176 176 177 -**AD 01_106 __RUB SEARCH__** 178 - 179 179 1. Policy: 180 180 11. All prisoners shall be subject to rub searches at any time during their incarceration at PCF. Rub searches may be conducted on a routine, selective, or random basis. 181 181 11. Unless a more intrusive search is justified, all prisoners (including detainees) shall be rub searched by PCF officers at admission to PCF. ... ... @@ -189,15 +189,14 @@ 189 189 11. Rationale: 190 190 111. The courts have recognized the importance of searching prisoners to maintain facility security. They consider rub searches as relatively unintrusive and permit their use on a virtually unlimited basis. Because rub searches involve a low degree of intrusion, no justification is required other than the incarceration of the prisoner. Privacy is not ordinarily a requirement for rub searches. 191 191 181 +**AD 01_106 __STRIP SEARCH__** 192 192 193 -**AD 01_107 __STRIP SEARCH__** 194 - 195 195 1. Policy: 196 196 11. Strip searches shall be done in a manner which reasonably ensures that prisoners being searched are observed only by: 197 197 111. Staff conducting or assisting with the search; and/or 198 198 111. Staff working in the area. 199 199 11. Strip searches may include: 200 -111. Arrestees at admission as detailed in the Initial Search section below (AD 01_1 10);188 +111. Arrestees at admission as detailed in the Initial Search section below (AD 01_109); 201 201 111. Inmates returning to PCF from outside the secure areas of the jail; 202 202 111. Inmates believed to be in possession of contraband; 203 203 111. Inmates in an area of a scheduled shakedown or area search; ... ... @@ -209,21 +209,20 @@ 209 209 11. Strip searches require reasonable suspicion for prisoners of “arrestee” status. 210 210 11. Strip searches do not require reasonable suspicion for prisoners of “inmate” status. 211 211 1. Rationale: 212 -11. Strip searches have been recognized by the courts for their importance in maintaining facility security; however, they have found strip searches to be highly intrusive. Because they are intrusive, the courts have consistently held that arrestees cannot be subjected to strip searches unless there is individualized or reasonable suspicion that a prisoner has contraband. Reasonable suspicion may be assumed for prisoners whose charges, criminal histories, or current probation or parole status would reasonably be assumed to create a significant risk. The court's rationale in limiting strip searches for arresteesis that persons who are not part of the criminal subculture and who are briefly in jail awaiting bond or recognizance release for minor offenses should not be required to endure the humiliation of the strip search, because they will likely be released within minutes or a very few hours and are not, therefore, a great risk to the security of the facility. The restriction on strip searches is relaxed after arrestees have exhausted their options to gain pretrial release and have become a part of the jail population.200 +11. Strip searches have been recognized by the courts for their importance in maintaining facility security; however, they have found strip searches to be highly intrusive. Because they are intrusive, the courts have previously held that arrestees cannot be subjected to strip searches unless there is individualized or reasonable suspicion that a prisoner has contraband. Reasonable suspicion may be assumed for prisoners whose charges, criminal histories, or current probation or parole status would reasonably be assumed to create a significant risk. The court's rationale in limiting strip searches for arrestees has been that persons who are not part of the criminal subculture and who are briefly in jail awaiting bond or recognizance release for minor offenses should not be required to endure the humiliation of the strip search, because they will likely be released within minutes or a very few hours and are not, therefore, a great risk to the security of the facility. The restriction on strip searches is relaxed after arrestees have exhausted their options to gain pretrial release and have become a part of the jail population. 213 213 11. Strip searches are a necessary tool in protecting jail security and safety because: 214 214 111. Prisoners are capable of hiding weapons, drugs, and other contraband on their bodies in ways that substantially reduce the likelihood that the hidden items will be found in a frisk or rub search; and 215 215 111. Strip searches add a dimension to the search which permits visual examination of the subject in a manner which, if done competently, ensures that contraband hidden on the body will be found, and in some instances, may lead to discovery of contraband hidden in body cavities. 216 216 11. Persons may voluntarily waive individual rights. Inmates who voluntarily remove their own clothing or otherwise take actions which result in a loss of sexual privacy waive their right to privacy. Visual observation of unclothed prisoners may be unavoidable when there is a voluntary waiver of sexual privacy rights. 217 217 206 +**AD 01_107 __VISUAL BODY CAVITY SEARCH__** 218 218 219 -**AD 01_108 __VISUAL BODY CAVITY SEARCH__** 220 - 221 221 1. Policy: 222 222 11. Visual body cavity searches shall be done in a manner which reasonably ensures that prisoners being searched are observed only by: 223 223 111. Staff conducting or assisting with the search; and/or 224 224 111. Staff working in the area. 225 225 11. Visual body cavity searches may include: 226 -111. Arrestees at admission as detailed in the Initial Search section below (AD 01_1 10);213 +111. Arrestees at admission as detailed in the Initial Search section below (AD 01_109); 227 227 111. Inmates believed to be in possession of contraband; 228 228 111. Inmates in an area of a scheduled shakedown or area search; 229 229 111. Inmates leaving the secure area of the jail who are still in custody; ... ... @@ -238,9 +238,8 @@ 238 238 1. Rationale: 239 239 11. It is important to keep judicial concerns about the intrusiveness of visual body cavity searches in mind; however, the legal tests for strip searches and visual body cavity searches are essentially identical in most jurisdictions. 240 240 228 +**AD 01_108 __DIGITAL BODY CAVITY SEARCH__** 241 241 242 -**AD 01_109 __DIGITAL BODY CAVITY SEARCH__** 243 - 244 244 1. Policy: 245 245 11. Digital body cavity searches shall be conducted in a private room and shall be done in a manner which reasonably ensures that prisoners being searched are observed only by staff conducting or assisting with the search. 246 246 11. Digital body cavity searches may be used when jail officers have a reasonable suspicion that a prisoner has drugs or other contraband hidden in the rectum or vagina. ... ... @@ -258,9 +258,8 @@ 258 258 111. Use of digital searches increases the risk of being detected for prisoners who violate contraband regulations and may deter some of the prohibited activity. 259 259 11. Although not a legal requirement, obtaining a valid search warrant prior to conducting a digital body cavity search may assist with the defense of a potential related lawsuit. 260 260 247 +**AD 01_109 __INITIAL SEARCH__** 261 261 262 -**AD 01_110 __INITIAL SEARCH__** 263 - 264 264 1. Policy: 265 265 11. All arrestees entering the jail shall receive an initial search by PCF staff. The initial search shall be a rub search, unless a more intrusive search is required because there is: 266 266 111. Reasonable suspicion that the arrestee is in possession of criminal evidence, a weapon, or other item of contraband which would present an immediate threat to the safety or security of the facility; or ... ... @@ -283,9 +283,8 @@ 283 283 11. The reasonable suspicion standard for intrusive searches is a clearly established constitutional requirement. 284 284 11. Court decisions requiring reasonable suspicion before conducting intrusive searches during the admissions process apply only to pretrial arrestees being booked for nonviolent misdemeanors. 285 285 271 +**AD 01_110 __FOLLOW-UP SEARCH__** 286 286 287 -**AD 01_111 __FOLLOW-UP SEARCH__** 288 - 289 289 1. Policy: 290 290 11. If a prisoner has exhausted efforts to make bail or obtain other pre-arraignment release and must be moved into the jail population, a more thorough search may then be provided. A strip search or visual body cavity search may be conducted at this stage. However, prisoners shall not be transitioned from arrestee status for the purpose of conducting a strip search or visual body cavity search. 291 291 11. Justification for a follow-up search more intrusive than a rub search must follow the guidelines of that type of search as specified in other sections of this policy. ... ... @@ -295,17 +295,15 @@ 295 295 1. Rationale: 296 296 11. Arrestees should not be moved from the admissions area until reasonable efforts to secure a bail release have been exhausted. When the prisoner is moved to the general population, more thorough and intrusive searches are justified because moving a prisoner into the general population who has not been thoroughly searched increases the potential for introduction of weapons, drugs, or other dangerous contraband into the general population; jeopardizing the safety of staff, the safety of other inmates, and the security of the facility. 297 297 282 +**AD 01_111 __EXIGENT CIRCUMSTANCES__** 298 298 299 -AD 01_112 __EXIGENT CIRCUMSTANCES__ 300 - 301 301 1. Policy: 302 302 11. Exigent circumstances may justify a search which under normal conditions would not ordinarily justify the search or level of intrusiveness of the search. 303 303 1. Rationale: 304 304 11. Emergencies and other circumstances which require immediate action to meet safety or security needs create an exception to the limits on searches. 305 305 289 +**AD 01_112 __CROSS GENDER__** 306 306 307 -**AD 01_113 __CROSS GENDER__** 308 - 309 309 1. Policy: 310 310 11. Female staff may rub search male prisoners in the normal course of duty; 311 311 11. Female staff may strip search or visual body cavity search male prisoners when: ... ... @@ -328,9 +328,8 @@ 328 328 111. The requirements of Title VII which justify cross-gender searches by female staff, do not justify males searching female prisoners. Only under very limited exigent circumstances or where a female prisoner intentionally removes her own clothing or otherwise acts in a manner which amounts to a voluntary waiver of sexual privacy interests are male officers justified in participating in searches of female prisoners. 329 329 11. Refer to “Inmate Surveillance and Supervision” policy (CC 08). 330 330 313 +**AD 01_113 __MIXED GENDER__** 331 331 332 -**AD 01_114 __MIXED GENDER__** 333 - 334 334 1. Policy: 335 335 11. Hermaphrodites shall be searched by the gender that is most predominate in the prisoner to be searched, as determined by the on-duty supervisor. 336 336 11. Transsexuals shall be searched by the gender that is the prisoner's current gender. ... ... @@ -338,9 +338,8 @@ 338 338 1. Rationale 339 339 11. Mixed gender situations can be confusing to staff who need to complete prisoner searches. Some situations may need to be deferred to the best judgment of the individuals conducting the searches. 340 340 322 +**AD 01_114 __UNKNOWN GENDER__** 341 341 342 -**AD 01_115 __UNKNOWN GENDER__** 343 - 344 344 1. Policy: 345 345 11. In the event that the gender of a prisoner is in question, the prisoner shall be strip searched by the prisoner-claimed gender for verification. If the prisoner refuses to comply and does not claim a specific gender, the prisoner shall be strip searched by the gender that most predominately appears to be the gender of the prisoner, as determined by the on-duty supervisor. 346 346 1. Rationale: